Britain Leads the Way - Mr. Cosbey

Britain Leads the Way Chapter 5 Section 2 Key Terms 1. 2.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. capital

enterprise entrepreneur putting-out system Eli Whitney turnpike Liverpool Manchester

Why Britain? What characteristics of 18th century Britain made it ripe for Industrialization? Britain Takes the Lead The Textile Industry Advances

Textile machines were constructed to increase cotton production. The Industrial Revolution first took hold in Britains largest industry-textiles. Cotton cloth, imported from India had become popular. British merchants developed the putting-out system, where raw cotton was distributed to

peasant families who spun it into thread and then wove the thread into cloth. Skilled artisans then finished & dyed the cloth. John Kays flying shuttle, 1733 The flying shuttle sped up weaving. James Hargreaves

spinning jenny, 1764 The spinning jenny increased the speed of spinning thread. Richard Arkwrights water frame, 1769 The water frame increased the speed of

spinning thread. Eli Whitneys cotton gin, 1793 The cotton gin separated the seeds from the raw cotton at a fast rate. The Transportation Revolution As production increased, entrepreneurs

needed faster and cheaper methods of moving goods from place to place. They invested in funding and building: Turnpikes Canals Railroads Turnpikes

Turnpikes, or private roads, linked every part of Britain and goods also traveled faster. Canals Canals, or waterways, were dug to connect rivers together or to connect inland towns with coastal ports. Railroads

Railroad tracks did not have to follow the course of a river. This meant that tracks could go places where rivers did not, allowing factory owners and merchants to ship goods swiftly and cheaply over land.